1 00:00:05,120 --> 00:00:03,110 good afternoon I've Cam Newton with the 2 00:00:07,460 --> 00:00:05,130 Public Affairs Office of NASA's Marshall 3 00:00:08,990 --> 00:00:07,470 Space Flight Center welcome to our panel 4 00:00:11,780 --> 00:00:09,000 discussion recognizing the 10th 5 00:00:14,360 --> 00:00:11,790 anniversary of the full time habitation 6 00:00:16,670 --> 00:00:14,370 and crew operation of the International 7 00:00:18,439 --> 00:00:16,680 Space Station the International Space 8 00:00:22,990 --> 00:00:18,449 Station is one of the greatest 9 00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:23,000 engineering and science achievements and 10 00:00:27,679 --> 00:00:25,080 international partnerships in human 11 00:00:30,109 --> 00:00:27,689 history Marshall Center is proud to be 12 00:00:31,910 --> 00:00:30,119 have played a significant role in the 13 00:00:34,790 --> 00:00:31,920 development and integration of the 14 00:00:37,490 --> 00:00:34,800 International Space Station welcome 15 00:00:40,940 --> 00:00:37,500 today to our panel discussion and we 16 00:00:43,310 --> 00:00:40,950 have our combined panel here has over 17 00:00:45,500 --> 00:00:43,320 100 years of collective experience in 18 00:00:46,880 --> 00:00:45,510 the International Space Station let's 19 00:00:49,190 --> 00:00:46,890 start our discussion with the 20 00:00:51,229 --> 00:00:49,200 introduction or panelist first would 21 00:00:53,000 --> 00:00:51,239 like to introduce LaBrie's Woodard who 22 00:00:55,040 --> 00:00:53,010 has served in many management and 23 00:00:57,590 --> 00:00:55,050 leadership capabilities supporting the 24 00:00:59,860 --> 00:00:57,600 coordination and operation of science 25 00:01:02,299 --> 00:00:59,870 operations on board the space station 26 00:01:04,520 --> 00:01:02,309 next I'd like to introduce Bob bagged 27 00:01:06,710 --> 00:01:04,530 aegean who has served some 23 years 28 00:01:08,660 --> 00:01:06,720 experience with the development of the 29 00:01:10,670 --> 00:01:08,670 vital life support and environmental 30 00:01:13,580 --> 00:01:10,680 control systems onboard the space 31 00:01:16,429 --> 00:01:13,590 station our next panel member is annette 32 00:01:18,530 --> 00:01:16,439 sled annette has some 27 years of 33 00:01:20,300 --> 00:01:18,540 experience with the development of space 34 00:01:22,490 --> 00:01:20,310 station including leading the teams 35 00:01:25,190 --> 00:01:22,500 which built the Express racks for the 36 00:01:27,020 --> 00:01:25,200 modules of station Express racks are the 37 00:01:29,390 --> 00:01:27,030 structures with house several science 38 00:01:31,940 --> 00:01:29,400 experiments and supporting facilities on 39 00:01:34,460 --> 00:01:31,950 board station next I'd like to introduce 40 00:01:36,530 --> 00:01:34,470 Richard Google Richard is a material 41 00:01:38,450 --> 00:01:36,540 scientist here at Marshall and has flown 42 00:01:40,940 --> 00:01:38,460 to science experiments on the 43 00:01:43,100 --> 00:01:40,950 International Space Station last I'd 44 00:01:45,050 --> 00:01:43,110 like to introduce Sean Regan Sean 45 00:01:47,030 --> 00:01:45,060 represents a team of engineers and 46 00:01:50,179 --> 00:01:47,040 international partners who built and 47 00:01:52,700 --> 00:01:50,189 delivered three multi-purpose logistics 48 00:01:54,139 --> 00:01:52,710 modules the nuvi moving vans of the 49 00:01:56,149 --> 00:01:54,149 space station program which had 50 00:01:59,030 --> 00:01:56,159 delivered thousands of pounds of cargo 51 00:02:01,459 --> 00:01:59,040 and science experiments and facilities 52 00:02:03,530 --> 00:02:01,469 to the station Sean will also address 53 00:02:06,139 --> 00:02:03,540 Marshalls role in the development of to 54 00:02:11,600 --> 00:02:06,149 space station nodes let's begin with 55 00:02:13,430 --> 00:02:11,610 LaBrie's Woodard LaBrie's well good 56 00:02:15,740 --> 00:02:13,440 afternoon can afternoon 57 00:02:17,300 --> 00:02:15,750 and I'll talk a little bit about the 58 00:02:21,290 --> 00:02:17,310 group of folks that I've represented 59 00:02:26,380 --> 00:02:21,300 here today I work with the group the 60 00:02:29,180 --> 00:02:26,390 team that performs the 24 by 7 real-time 61 00:02:31,430 --> 00:02:29,190 support for the experiment operations 62 00:02:37,930 --> 00:02:31,440 that are aboard the International Space 63 00:02:41,750 --> 00:02:37,940 Station and our team is encompassed with 64 00:02:45,080 --> 00:02:41,760 engineers and technicians that have been 65 00:02:49,040 --> 00:02:45,090 working together culminating the idea of 66 00:02:53,960 --> 00:02:49,050 doing science onboard station since the 67 00:02:58,190 --> 00:02:53,970 early 90s excuse me the mid to late 90s 68 00:03:02,060 --> 00:02:58,200 in fact really we pull together all the 69 00:03:05,990 --> 00:03:02,070 concepts that we needed in order to get 70 00:03:08,840 --> 00:03:06,000 the ideas for how we support the science 71 00:03:13,310 --> 00:03:08,850 experiments on board in the very late 72 00:03:16,520 --> 00:03:13,320 90s and in fact we culminated all of 73 00:03:20,840 --> 00:03:16,530 that planning to be able to be prepared 74 00:03:23,650 --> 00:03:20,850 to support the very first expedition of 75 00:03:29,330 --> 00:03:23,660 around-the-clock science operations in 76 00:03:33,410 --> 00:03:29,340 2001 that was when we began expedition 77 00:03:36,979 --> 00:03:33,420 to with the space station crew and that 78 00:03:41,090 --> 00:03:36,989 was with started with flight 581 it 79 00:03:46,520 --> 00:03:41,100 seems like so long ago then but the team 80 00:03:49,729 --> 00:03:46,530 we came together and had all the 81 00:03:51,770 --> 00:03:49,739 disciplines to represented to do that 82 00:03:54,590 --> 00:03:51,780 represented all the training all the 83 00:03:57,290 --> 00:03:54,600 planning all the scheduling and the 84 00:04:00,229 --> 00:03:57,300 procedure development for all of the 85 00:04:02,540 --> 00:04:00,239 experiments that came together at that 86 00:04:06,050 --> 00:04:02,550 time and have subsequently been coming 87 00:04:09,500 --> 00:04:06,060 together for each of the expedition's so 88 00:04:12,380 --> 00:04:09,510 we are very very proud to be able to 89 00:04:15,620 --> 00:04:12,390 represent the research community it's 90 00:04:18,110 --> 00:04:15,630 the the idea is that when we get to 91 00:04:21,140 --> 00:04:18,120 execution we are making their dreams 92 00:04:26,210 --> 00:04:21,150 come true and so we are very proud of 93 00:04:27,110 --> 00:04:26,220 that it's great so thank you Bob tell us 94 00:04:31,010 --> 00:04:27,120 a little bit about what you 95 00:04:32,780 --> 00:04:31,020 they're okay LaBrie's my job and the 96 00:04:35,629 --> 00:04:32,790 people I work with was not so much 97 00:04:39,320 --> 00:04:35,639 geared towards you know the science part 98 00:04:40,879 --> 00:04:39,330 of space station but but more enabling 99 00:04:43,370 --> 00:04:40,889 the crew giving the crew everything they 100 00:04:45,830 --> 00:04:43,380 need to be able to occupy and live 101 00:04:49,129 --> 00:04:45,840 comfortable comfortably and do the 102 00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:49,139 science work that the the space station 103 00:04:58,490 --> 00:04:54,330 is all about the a lot of things go into 104 00:05:01,310 --> 00:04:58,500 making or keeping people alive and a lot 105 00:05:03,379 --> 00:05:01,320 of it we tend to take for granted in any 106 00:05:05,750 --> 00:05:03,389 kind of type of spacecraft whether it's 107 00:05:07,219 --> 00:05:05,760 a space shuttle or space station the 108 00:05:08,629 --> 00:05:07,229 part of that spacecraft that's 109 00:05:10,430 --> 00:05:08,639 responsible for keeping the crew alive 110 00:05:13,310 --> 00:05:10,440 we call that environmental control and 111 00:05:14,930 --> 00:05:13,320 life support and as the name implies it 112 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:14,940 keeps the environment comfortable it 113 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:17,010 keeps it safe and most importantly keeps 114 00:05:21,620 --> 00:05:20,070 the people alive there's a lot of parts 115 00:05:26,830 --> 00:05:21,630 of an environmental control and life 116 00:05:31,580 --> 00:05:26,840 support system what Marshall worked on 117 00:05:34,430 --> 00:05:31,590 even before station became permanently 118 00:05:36,620 --> 00:05:34,440 manned as we worked on technologies that 119 00:05:39,500 --> 00:05:36,630 allowed us to more efficiently keep 120 00:05:42,409 --> 00:05:39,510 those astronauts alive and well while 121 00:05:45,770 --> 00:05:42,419 they're up in orbit a lot of things we 122 00:05:48,800 --> 00:05:45,780 take for granted people need oxygen to 123 00:05:50,540 --> 00:05:48,810 breathe they need water to consume and 124 00:05:53,450 --> 00:05:50,550 while they're doing that to generating a 125 00:05:55,700 --> 00:05:53,460 lot of wastes what we've developed here 126 00:05:57,920 --> 00:05:55,710 at Marshall for the space station where 127 00:06:00,589 --> 00:05:57,930 systems that allow us to take those 128 00:06:03,830 --> 00:06:00,599 wastes and recycle them back into 129 00:06:06,650 --> 00:06:03,840 reusable water and oxygen and that helps 130 00:06:08,689 --> 00:06:06,660 the space station by by making it less 131 00:06:10,820 --> 00:06:08,699 dependent on always having to have a 132 00:06:13,820 --> 00:06:10,830 space shuttle or some type of resupply 133 00:06:17,240 --> 00:06:13,830 vehicle supplying oxygen and water from 134 00:06:19,550 --> 00:06:17,250 the ground so it was a very long and 135 00:06:23,689 --> 00:06:19,560 challenging project we're very excited 136 00:06:26,150 --> 00:06:23,699 to be a part of that was exciting is 137 00:06:28,939 --> 00:06:26,160 engineers to be working on technologies 138 00:06:31,790 --> 00:06:28,949 that that hadn't been used before but it 139 00:06:34,339 --> 00:06:31,800 was also exciting to be able to allow 140 00:06:36,020 --> 00:06:34,349 the space station that finally be able 141 00:06:38,120 --> 00:06:36,030 to live up to its potential and do all 142 00:06:40,430 --> 00:06:38,130 that science that little breeze helps 143 00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:40,440 organize so it's been a 144 00:06:44,570 --> 00:06:42,330 very cool ride and I was very privileged 145 00:06:49,850 --> 00:06:44,580 to have a chance to be part of it it's 146 00:06:52,520 --> 00:06:49,860 really nice Annette I manage the payload 147 00:06:55,400 --> 00:06:52,530 facilities that Marshall is responsible 148 00:06:57,500 --> 00:06:55,410 for as Kim mentioned my long time 149 00:07:01,760 --> 00:06:57,510 history is with the Express racks which 150 00:07:03,740 --> 00:07:01,770 came out of the idea to outfit a space 151 00:07:07,910 --> 00:07:03,750 station rack which is a refrigerator 152 00:07:09,950 --> 00:07:07,920 sized container that most all the space 153 00:07:12,680 --> 00:07:09,960 station hardware goes in and attaches to 154 00:07:16,070 --> 00:07:12,690 the modules but to outfit it to 155 00:07:19,100 --> 00:07:16,080 accommodate simpler smaller payloads or 156 00:07:22,490 --> 00:07:19,110 experiments for for various types 157 00:07:25,160 --> 00:07:22,500 research so we have built eight fly 158 00:07:27,290 --> 00:07:25,170 track seven of which are now on orbit 159 00:07:29,720 --> 00:07:27,300 the life supply track is planned to 160 00:07:33,800 --> 00:07:29,730 launch in November on the Ulf Bob 161 00:07:36,770 --> 00:07:33,810 mission and those have accommodated all 162 00:07:40,700 --> 00:07:36,780 types of experiments crystal growth 163 00:07:44,930 --> 00:07:40,710 material science life science both plant 164 00:07:47,270 --> 00:07:44,940 growth mice experiments to determine the 165 00:07:51,980 --> 00:07:47,280 effects of microgravity on live 166 00:07:55,070 --> 00:07:51,990 specimens and together have operated 167 00:07:57,890 --> 00:07:55,080 almost 200,000 hours among the seven 168 00:08:01,580 --> 00:07:57,900 racks currently on board the station in 169 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:01,590 all three lab modules provided by the US 170 00:08:10,730 --> 00:08:07,410 the Europeans and the Japanese and it's 171 00:08:13,909 --> 00:08:10,740 just it's been very rewarding to see how 172 00:08:15,770 --> 00:08:13,919 the people have worked together to come 173 00:08:18,890 --> 00:08:15,780 to make this happen and it's been the 174 00:08:23,540 --> 00:08:18,900 contribution of a just a lot of people 175 00:08:26,180 --> 00:08:23,550 working together and and providing the 176 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:26,190 resources for the scientists to do their 177 00:08:32,240 --> 00:08:29,610 experiments on station and then we also 178 00:08:34,579 --> 00:08:32,250 have the window observational research 179 00:08:38,089 --> 00:08:34,589 facility which was launched earlier this 180 00:08:41,930 --> 00:08:38,099 year and will facilitate earth science 181 00:08:47,240 --> 00:08:41,940 using the optical quality window in the 182 00:08:50,630 --> 00:08:47,250 u.s. lab there's some specific payloads 183 00:08:54,250 --> 00:08:50,640 one is earthcam which is operating in it 184 00:08:57,760 --> 00:08:54,260 to support middle school educational 185 00:08:59,520 --> 00:08:57,770 aspects and then the other experiment 186 00:09:02,140 --> 00:08:59,530 planned for it is an agricultural 187 00:09:04,540 --> 00:09:02,150 experiment to look at the soil 188 00:09:07,240 --> 00:09:04,550 conditions irrigation that sort of thing 189 00:09:11,130 --> 00:09:07,250 to help farmers we hope to expand this 190 00:09:13,780 --> 00:09:11,140 to do more with earth science research 191 00:09:18,070 --> 00:09:13,790 disaster relief and that sort of thing 192 00:09:21,580 --> 00:09:18,080 by looking at the Earth from space also 193 00:09:24,280 --> 00:09:21,590 in my office is the microgravity science 194 00:09:29,590 --> 00:09:24,290 glovebox and this provides an enclosed 195 00:09:31,780 --> 00:09:29,600 environment for experimentation using 196 00:09:34,360 --> 00:09:31,790 gloves to manipulate the hardware but 197 00:09:37,110 --> 00:09:34,370 providing the the closure to protect the 198 00:09:41,620 --> 00:09:37,120 crew from any loose particles 199 00:09:44,190 --> 00:09:41,630 contaminants that sort of thing and they 200 00:09:48,420 --> 00:09:44,200 have accommodated approximately 20 201 00:09:52,570 --> 00:09:48,430 experiments since 2002 when it was 202 00:09:57,250 --> 00:09:52,580 launched and provided both by the 203 00:10:00,070 --> 00:09:57,260 Europeans and by US researchers and has 204 00:10:02,770 --> 00:10:00,080 been termed the backbone of station 205 00:10:04,930 --> 00:10:02,780 research in addition we have the 206 00:10:08,530 --> 00:10:04,940 material science research rack in my 207 00:10:13,570 --> 00:10:08,540 office and it provides for materials 208 00:10:18,910 --> 00:10:13,580 research both in metals alloys and has 209 00:10:22,240 --> 00:10:18,920 processed 12 samples to date from 210 00:10:25,180 --> 00:10:22,250 aluminum and copper alloys will allow 211 00:10:28,570 --> 00:10:25,190 the samples to be heated up to a 212 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:28,580 thousand degrees Celsius and then riesel 213 00:10:34,660 --> 00:10:30,890 it'd ified in space without the effects 214 00:10:37,540 --> 00:10:34,670 of gravity to determine higher quality 215 00:10:41,350 --> 00:10:37,550 materials for use on orbit can also 216 00:10:45,110 --> 00:10:41,360 support ceramics and semiconductor 217 00:10:50,510 --> 00:10:47,329 with that Richard tell us more about the 218 00:10:52,670 --> 00:10:50,520 science thank you my involvement of all 219 00:10:55,280 --> 00:10:52,680 the space station goes back a while when 220 00:10:58,550 --> 00:10:55,290 I was the project scientist for three 221 00:11:00,200 --> 00:10:58,560 material science investigations I was 222 00:11:02,990 --> 00:11:00,210 unfortunate enough to have two of my own 223 00:11:05,320 --> 00:11:03,000 the first one was the pfm I or pore 224 00:11:07,970 --> 00:11:05,330 formation and mobility investigation 225 00:11:11,210 --> 00:11:07,980 where we looked at an organic material 226 00:11:13,250 --> 00:11:11,220 and and looked at gravity independent 227 00:11:15,380 --> 00:11:13,260 effects on solidification and melting 228 00:11:18,050 --> 00:11:15,390 behavior and that was conducted in the 229 00:11:22,370 --> 00:11:18,060 material science glovebox and the second 230 00:11:24,769 --> 00:11:22,380 experiment was the ISS I or in space 231 00:11:28,600 --> 00:11:24,779 soldering investigation where we did a 232 00:11:31,130 --> 00:11:28,610 systematic series of experiments with 233 00:11:36,640 --> 00:11:31,140 materials available on the space station 234 00:11:43,030 --> 00:11:36,650 where we looked at solidification and 235 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:43,040 soldering phenomena and then right now 236 00:11:48,890 --> 00:11:45,210 because we have such good facilities 237 00:11:52,190 --> 00:11:48,900 here at Marshall I'm evaluating the 238 00:11:54,500 --> 00:11:52,200 first sample first American Pie sample 239 00:11:57,079 --> 00:11:54,510 that came out of the MS up MSR our rack 240 00:11:58,250 --> 00:11:57,089 and we're doing that in our laboratory 241 00:12:01,370 --> 00:11:58,260 here and finding some interesting 242 00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:01,380 results that's what I'm up to now so 243 00:12:06,290 --> 00:12:05,010 okay in my office we have the project 244 00:12:08,750 --> 00:12:06,300 management responsibility for the 245 00:12:10,310 --> 00:12:08,760 multi-purpose logistics modules we have 246 00:12:12,350 --> 00:12:10,320 three modules that they were built by 247 00:12:15,500 --> 00:12:12,360 the Italian space agency for us under a 248 00:12:17,840 --> 00:12:15,510 barter agreement with NASA they built 249 00:12:20,690 --> 00:12:17,850 those modules and delivered them one 250 00:12:24,560 --> 00:12:20,700 module in 1998 one in 1999 and the third 251 00:12:27,290 --> 00:12:24,570 one in 2001 the three modules named by 252 00:12:29,930 --> 00:12:27,300 the the Italian space agency Leonardo 253 00:12:34,030 --> 00:12:29,940 Raphael oh and Donatello name for a 254 00:12:36,890 --> 00:12:34,040 famous Italian artists and engineers as 255 00:12:39,350 --> 00:12:36,900 you've heard Bob and it talked about the 256 00:12:40,460 --> 00:12:39,360 the racks on the science racks and the 257 00:12:41,630 --> 00:12:40,470 eclipse racks like you gotta have a way 258 00:12:44,090 --> 00:12:41,640 to get them up there and that's what the 259 00:12:46,010 --> 00:12:44,100 Logistics Module does for us it provides 260 00:12:48,220 --> 00:12:46,020 an environment where we can put up to 16 261 00:12:50,810 --> 00:12:48,230 racks in the module and carry them up 262 00:12:53,060 --> 00:12:50,820 the module goes in the payload bay of 263 00:12:54,380 --> 00:12:53,070 the shuttle goes up comes out of the 264 00:12:55,970 --> 00:12:54,390 payload Bay is docked to the space 265 00:12:56,330 --> 00:12:55,980 station for the duration of the shuttle 266 00:12:58,590 --> 00:12:56,340 mish 267 00:13:00,270 --> 00:12:58,600 the crew will go in unload the supplies 268 00:13:01,680 --> 00:13:00,280 that we've taken up to space station and 269 00:13:03,300 --> 00:13:01,690 then repack it for those items that need 270 00:13:04,680 --> 00:13:03,310 to come back the experiments that are 271 00:13:07,560 --> 00:13:04,690 completed and need to come back in those 272 00:13:08,730 --> 00:13:07,570 types of things so then it goes once the 273 00:13:10,230 --> 00:13:08,740 crews completed they'll close the hatch 274 00:13:12,960 --> 00:13:10,240 put it back in the payload Bay and bring 275 00:13:15,540 --> 00:13:12,970 it back home for each flight so that's 276 00:13:18,030 --> 00:13:15,550 kind of a typical flight for each of our 277 00:13:19,950 --> 00:13:18,040 modules one thing that we're doing 278 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:19,960 differently for the the upcoming flight 279 00:13:25,080 --> 00:13:21,970 that we have which is the November 280 00:13:26,430 --> 00:13:25,090 flight that mentioned in Ulf five we're 281 00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:26,440 leaving one module up there permanently 282 00:13:29,610 --> 00:13:27,970 basically it's going to become the 283 00:13:32,220 --> 00:13:29,620 closet for Space Station obviously 284 00:13:34,080 --> 00:13:32,230 anyhow you need a garage or an addict or 285 00:13:36,090 --> 00:13:34,090 some weird story or all of your stuff so 286 00:13:38,790 --> 00:13:36,100 that's what mpm because we call it as 287 00:13:41,280 --> 00:13:38,800 going to become to do that we had to do 288 00:13:43,290 --> 00:13:41,290 some modifications to the module since 289 00:13:47,190 --> 00:13:43,300 it was built for a typical two-week 290 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:47,200 space shuttle mission the debris pounds 291 00:13:49,880 --> 00:13:48,490 around the outside of it we're not quite 292 00:13:51,960 --> 00:13:49,890 as thick so that we could save on weight 293 00:13:54,540 --> 00:13:51,970 obviously so we have my way to take up 294 00:13:57,240 --> 00:13:54,550 for the items that we were experiments 295 00:13:59,130 --> 00:13:57,250 in the racks that were needed for the 296 00:14:01,380 --> 00:13:59,140 rest of space station so we had to go 297 00:14:05,010 --> 00:14:01,390 back and reinforce those debris panels 298 00:14:06,420 --> 00:14:05,020 for this fight coming up we went back to 299 00:14:08,670 --> 00:14:06,430 the Italian space agency to their 300 00:14:11,100 --> 00:14:08,680 contractors they came back a lot of the 301 00:14:14,070 --> 00:14:11,110 original designers we're back helping us 302 00:14:16,050 --> 00:14:14,080 with this modification brought the new 303 00:14:18,600 --> 00:14:16,060 hardware down to Kennedy Space Center 304 00:14:19,950 --> 00:14:18,610 down in Florida and spent basically the 305 00:14:22,680 --> 00:14:19,960 whole summer down there helping us 306 00:14:25,770 --> 00:14:22,690 retrofit the module with the the updated 307 00:14:27,270 --> 00:14:25,780 debris shields and everything one of the 308 00:14:29,550 --> 00:14:27,280 other modifications that we had to make 309 00:14:31,980 --> 00:14:29,560 was for maintenance of the hardware 310 00:14:33,090 --> 00:14:31,990 inside the module this module was built 311 00:14:35,010 --> 00:14:33,100 with the idea that would always be 312 00:14:36,680 --> 00:14:35,020 serviced on the ground so we do not put 313 00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:36,690 in a lot of things that the other 314 00:14:41,070 --> 00:14:39,130 modules on Space Station half or crew 315 00:14:43,620 --> 00:14:41,080 getting to getting access to the 316 00:14:45,540 --> 00:14:43,630 hardware in the boxes and everything if 317 00:14:46,850 --> 00:14:45,550 they had to do maintenance on orbit so 318 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:46,860 we had to go back and do some 319 00:14:51,060 --> 00:14:48,880 retrofitting they're rerouting of some 320 00:14:52,800 --> 00:14:51,070 electrical cable harnesses and that type 321 00:14:54,210 --> 00:14:52,810 of thing so we've done a lot of work 322 00:14:56,590 --> 00:14:54,220 over the past summer to get ready for 323 00:14:58,550 --> 00:14:56,600 this coming flight 324 00:15:01,069 --> 00:14:58,560 so that we can leave this thing up there 325 00:15:04,100 --> 00:15:01,079 permanently one other thing to mention 326 00:15:06,790 --> 00:15:04,110 about the multi-purpose logistics 327 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:06,800 modules is we've had ten flights to date 328 00:15:12,590 --> 00:15:09,690 our first fight was LaBrie she mentioned 329 00:15:14,420 --> 00:15:12,600 581 earlier our first flight was also on 330 00:15:17,210 --> 00:15:14,430 581 back in two thousand one was the 331 00:15:19,129 --> 00:15:17,220 first flight in mpls so we've flown 10 332 00:15:20,660 --> 00:15:19,139 times since then always up and back on 333 00:15:22,400 --> 00:15:20,670 the shuttle so this would be a unique 334 00:15:23,780 --> 00:15:22,410 experience for us this there's no going 335 00:15:25,100 --> 00:15:23,790 broke when we go up and leave leave the 336 00:15:26,780 --> 00:15:25,110 module up there so be nice to see her 337 00:15:29,269 --> 00:15:26,790 our Hardware stay up there on orbit this 338 00:15:31,129 --> 00:15:29,279 time and be able to see it whenever the 339 00:15:33,590 --> 00:15:31,139 shuttle backs away and see some pictures 340 00:15:35,420 --> 00:15:33,600 of it one other thing through our office 341 00:15:38,090 --> 00:15:35,430 has done has helped with the development 342 00:15:39,410 --> 00:15:38,100 of the node to node three those are 343 00:15:41,900 --> 00:15:39,420 basically the connecting blocks for 344 00:15:43,999 --> 00:15:41,910 station harmony and tranquility the 345 00:15:46,069 --> 00:15:44,009 names given to those two modules those 346 00:15:48,410 --> 00:15:46,079 were built by the European Space Agency 347 00:15:50,840 --> 00:15:48,420 again under agreement with NASA and our 348 00:15:52,699 --> 00:15:50,850 office has had a lot of interaction with 349 00:15:55,340 --> 00:15:52,709 the European Space Agency as well as 350 00:15:57,590 --> 00:15:55,350 Johnson has the project office out there 351 00:15:59,600 --> 00:15:57,600 for those modules so that both of those 352 00:16:02,360 --> 00:15:59,610 modules are already on orbit and flying 353 00:16:04,999 --> 00:16:02,370 on station in fact those two locations 354 00:16:07,309 --> 00:16:05,009 those two nodes are where the npl ends 355 00:16:08,980 --> 00:16:07,319 in the pmm have docked in on the past 10 356 00:16:11,240 --> 00:16:08,990 missions and on the accumulation as well 357 00:16:13,189 --> 00:16:11,250 think she'll that sounds interesting and 358 00:16:14,929 --> 00:16:13,199 I can't wait to see the pmm attached 359 00:16:17,689 --> 00:16:14,939 permanently as well that would be nice 360 00:16:19,069 --> 00:16:17,699 to see and think that arrests the panel 361 00:16:21,620 --> 00:16:19,079 members for that interesting information 362 00:16:23,030 --> 00:16:21,630 about what Marshall does and has done 363 00:16:25,160 --> 00:16:23,040 over the past 10 years with the 364 00:16:28,009 --> 00:16:25,170 international space station since we are 365 00:16:29,210 --> 00:16:28,019 celebrating this 10th anniversary and 366 00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:29,220 I'd like to start out by asking some 367 00:16:33,199 --> 00:16:31,050 questions and just wanting to ask Bob 368 00:16:34,550 --> 00:16:33,209 you know looking at back at the past 10 369 00:16:37,429 --> 00:16:34,560 years Bob what do you think is the most 370 00:16:39,679 --> 00:16:37,439 interesting accomplishment that happened 371 00:16:43,939 --> 00:16:39,689 of the International Space Station while 372 00:16:46,850 --> 00:16:43,949 you've been working on it well it's hard 373 00:16:50,170 --> 00:16:46,860 to decide exactly where to start one of 374 00:16:55,189 --> 00:16:50,180 the things I've been fascinated with is 375 00:16:58,840 --> 00:16:55,199 it historically space missions are very 376 00:17:01,610 --> 00:16:58,850 well defined very highly planned out 377 00:17:03,650 --> 00:17:01,620 something you could call it scripted you 378 00:17:05,010 --> 00:17:03,660 know everything you know just about 379 00:17:07,290 --> 00:17:05,020 what's going to happen 380 00:17:09,060 --> 00:17:07,300 literally every minute of that mission 381 00:17:12,110 --> 00:17:09,070 and what the vehicle is going to look 382 00:17:14,820 --> 00:17:12,120 like how it's going to be operated very 383 00:17:17,579 --> 00:17:14,830 and unless you have a problem or 384 00:17:19,440 --> 00:17:17,589 something which have happened you have a 385 00:17:21,060 --> 00:17:19,450 pretty good idea of what what's going to 386 00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:21,070 happen in that mission what that vehicle 387 00:17:26,790 --> 00:17:23,770 is going to look like but space station 388 00:17:28,760 --> 00:17:26,800 back you know ten years ago or even 389 00:17:31,620 --> 00:17:28,770 before that when we were in the 390 00:17:34,200 --> 00:17:31,630 development stage I think if if you had 391 00:17:36,150 --> 00:17:34,210 asked all of us what we expected the 392 00:17:39,510 --> 00:17:36,160 space station to be looking like today 393 00:17:41,700 --> 00:17:39,520 and how it would be used I think you 394 00:17:43,440 --> 00:17:41,710 would probably get five maybe six or 395 00:17:45,870 --> 00:17:43,450 seven different different opinions so 396 00:17:49,410 --> 00:17:45,880 the thing that's really struck me is how 397 00:17:53,820 --> 00:17:49,420 over this past 10 years the space 398 00:17:56,910 --> 00:17:53,830 station has evolved it's adapted that 399 00:17:59,880 --> 00:17:56,920 the vehicle itself has changed from what 400 00:18:03,900 --> 00:17:59,890 original thoughts have been the way 401 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:03,910 we're operating it has changed it's it's 402 00:18:08,630 --> 00:18:06,250 to me it's actually quite remarkable and 403 00:18:12,090 --> 00:18:08,640 then to be able to do that in such an 404 00:18:15,420 --> 00:18:12,100 international collaborative environment 405 00:18:18,300 --> 00:18:15,430 where you know a lot of times we tend to 406 00:18:20,610 --> 00:18:18,310 throw the word team around the log but I 407 00:18:22,890 --> 00:18:20,620 think actually in the space station case 408 00:18:25,160 --> 00:18:22,900 I think it's that that term is very well 409 00:18:28,020 --> 00:18:25,170 deserved it definitely is a 410 00:18:30,060 --> 00:18:28,030 international team effort I don't think 411 00:18:34,350 --> 00:18:30,070 it ever could have been possible for 412 00:18:36,750 --> 00:18:34,360 this vehicle to evolve to the state it's 413 00:18:39,060 --> 00:18:36,760 in today and to continue to have so much 414 00:18:41,820 --> 00:18:39,070 promise for the future it's you know 415 00:18:43,020 --> 00:18:41,830 this the ten years is just the start of 416 00:18:44,910 --> 00:18:43,030 it there's certainly more to come from 417 00:18:48,450 --> 00:18:44,920 this vehicle and I'm sure the science 418 00:18:51,780 --> 00:18:48,460 guys are happy to hear that too one 419 00:18:55,650 --> 00:18:51,790 thing I'd like to piggyback on Bob that 420 00:18:57,300 --> 00:18:55,660 you mentioned was the intense 421 00:18:59,700 --> 00:18:57,310 coordination the planning and the 422 00:19:02,280 --> 00:18:59,710 scheduling and the such imagine now 423 00:19:06,330 --> 00:19:02,290 since we've since all of our partners 424 00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:06,340 are on board all of almost all the 425 00:19:10,650 --> 00:19:08,170 hardware has arrived we've got a few 426 00:19:13,860 --> 00:19:10,660 things that are still ahead of us but 427 00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:13,870 with our European Space Agency with the 428 00:19:22,590 --> 00:19:16,930 our European partners coming on and our 429 00:19:26,010 --> 00:19:22,600 Japanese partners it has been such a an 430 00:19:28,830 --> 00:19:26,020 amazing choreographed work of art to see 431 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:28,840 how all the science between all the 432 00:19:35,220 --> 00:19:31,450 flight control teams associated with all 433 00:19:38,820 --> 00:19:35,230 the partners actually pull off all the 434 00:19:41,580 --> 00:19:38,830 science that gets accomplished one would 435 00:19:43,410 --> 00:19:41,590 think that and one of the goals of space 436 00:19:45,600 --> 00:19:43,420 station is that we are in a laboratory 437 00:19:49,280 --> 00:19:45,610 environment where you can you know roll 438 00:19:53,340 --> 00:19:49,290 up your sleeves and you can walk in and 439 00:19:57,870 --> 00:19:53,350 do you know do a unique thing on every 440 00:20:01,920 --> 00:19:57,880 day and amazingly enough one day we'll 441 00:20:04,680 --> 00:20:01,930 probably be that relaxed right now we're 442 00:20:06,390 --> 00:20:04,690 still in that early phase now that all 443 00:20:12,060 --> 00:20:06,400 of our partners have been there since 444 00:20:16,110 --> 00:20:12,070 last last well 2008 2000-2008 timeframe 445 00:20:20,250 --> 00:20:16,120 we are learning how to do that 446 00:20:23,880 --> 00:20:20,260 choreography amongst all 15 partners now 447 00:20:25,980 --> 00:20:23,890 and it is a win it and when a you know 448 00:20:28,140 --> 00:20:25,990 the show when a plan comes together it 449 00:20:30,450 --> 00:20:28,150 is an amazing thing there is so much 450 00:20:33,780 --> 00:20:30,460 science that is getting accomplished now 451 00:20:37,110 --> 00:20:33,790 and it is truly a work of art to see all 452 00:20:39,090 --> 00:20:37,120 the plans and the schedules that all of 453 00:20:41,640 --> 00:20:39,100 the partners pull together on a daily 454 00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:41,650 basis in order to get science like 455 00:20:47,760 --> 00:20:45,490 richard has spoken of and an it has 456 00:20:50,340 --> 00:20:47,770 talked about that is actually getting 457 00:20:52,560 --> 00:20:50,350 executed in the racks in all the partner 458 00:20:54,090 --> 00:20:52,570 modules as well that's an interesting 459 00:20:55,530 --> 00:20:54,100 point that you talk about the 460 00:20:57,000 --> 00:20:55,540 international partners and I was going 461 00:20:59,520 --> 00:20:57,010 to ask some of the rest of the team to 462 00:21:01,560 --> 00:20:59,530 what was it like working with all these 463 00:21:03,210 --> 00:21:01,570 international partners may be in it I 464 00:21:06,660 --> 00:21:03,220 don't know if you can elaborate on that 465 00:21:09,330 --> 00:21:06,670 well it's been a good overall experience 466 00:21:12,030 --> 00:21:09,340 and partly because we've all had the 467 00:21:15,300 --> 00:21:12,040 common goal of building the hardware and 468 00:21:17,670 --> 00:21:15,310 doing the research together for the good 469 00:21:20,880 --> 00:21:17,680 of the entire team certainly 470 00:21:23,670 --> 00:21:20,890 face-to-face meetings and interactions 471 00:21:25,990 --> 00:21:23,680 or necessary to build relationships to 472 00:21:28,930 --> 00:21:26,000 build up the trust among the teams and 473 00:21:30,850 --> 00:21:28,940 to then continue to work issues through 474 00:21:33,910 --> 00:21:30,860 telecoms and emails and that sort of 475 00:21:37,030 --> 00:21:33,920 thing but material science research brac 476 00:21:40,300 --> 00:21:37,040 houses an international furnace provided 477 00:21:42,010 --> 00:21:40,310 by the Europeans the microgravity 478 00:21:45,150 --> 00:21:42,020 science glovebox was built by the 479 00:21:49,510 --> 00:21:45,160 Europeans under a marshal management and 480 00:21:52,300 --> 00:21:49,520 continues to be formally sustained by 481 00:21:54,190 --> 00:21:52,310 the Europeans but yet managed by Bob 482 00:21:56,260 --> 00:21:54,200 Marshall so it's been a true 483 00:21:58,810 --> 00:21:56,270 collaborative effort with the 484 00:22:00,910 --> 00:21:58,820 international partners I think there's 485 00:22:02,530 --> 00:22:00,920 been the kind of two sides that's when 486 00:22:04,540 --> 00:22:02,540 your la Brisa seeing the operations 487 00:22:07,210 --> 00:22:04,550 which he talked about has a net said and 488 00:22:09,670 --> 00:22:07,220 on the logistics modules as well excuse 489 00:22:10,810 --> 00:22:09,680 me we had the development and hardware 490 00:22:12,730 --> 00:22:10,820 build part of it where you were 491 00:22:15,640 --> 00:22:12,740 interacting back and forth more on a a 492 00:22:16,990 --> 00:22:15,650 technical level of you know here's the 493 00:22:18,430 --> 00:22:17,000 requirements of what we want to build 494 00:22:19,930 --> 00:22:18,440 and then they would come back with these 495 00:22:21,730 --> 00:22:19,940 design options and we'd have to evaluate 496 00:22:23,680 --> 00:22:21,740 that versus what our requirements were 497 00:22:26,710 --> 00:22:23,690 at the time and a lot of back-and-forth 498 00:22:28,890 --> 00:22:26,720 were there with that you know then you 499 00:22:31,030 --> 00:22:28,900 throw in the the time differences in the 500 00:22:33,220 --> 00:22:31,040 language barriers sometimes that you 501 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:33,230 have to deal with so it's a you know a 502 00:22:35,650 --> 00:22:34,730 lot of times you'll have a question 503 00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:35,660 today that you're not going to have an 504 00:22:38,860 --> 00:22:36,650 answer tuned to you come into the office 505 00:22:40,390 --> 00:22:38,870 next morning or maybe even longer 506 00:22:42,850 --> 00:22:40,400 depending with the time difference is 507 00:22:44,590 --> 00:22:42,860 between we were working with so it's a 508 00:22:47,080 --> 00:22:44,600 lot of unique challenges that we had to 509 00:22:48,370 --> 00:22:47,090 start dealing with at least from my 510 00:22:49,740 --> 00:22:48,380 standpoint I hadn't hadn't done that 511 00:22:52,510 --> 00:22:49,750 before before I started working on the 512 00:22:54,460 --> 00:22:52,520 Logistics Module says and over the 513 00:22:56,860 --> 00:22:54,470 course of time as an F said you build 514 00:22:59,290 --> 00:22:56,870 those relationships the Italians have 515 00:23:01,300 --> 00:22:59,300 been the sustaining engineering partners 516 00:23:02,980 --> 00:23:01,310 for the logistics modules ever since 517 00:23:04,630 --> 00:23:02,990 they were delivered so you know over 518 00:23:06,340 --> 00:23:04,640 that 10 years you begin to develop good 519 00:23:08,110 --> 00:23:06,350 relationships with those people and it's 520 00:23:09,760 --> 00:23:08,120 you know develop good friendships you 521 00:23:11,500 --> 00:23:09,770 know you you don't get to see them very 522 00:23:13,510 --> 00:23:11,510 often but still you talk to them on 523 00:23:16,360 --> 00:23:13,520 telecon zan email quite often so it's 524 00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:16,370 it's been a very good relationship and 525 00:23:22,270 --> 00:23:19,850 partnership between the two thing and 526 00:23:24,760 --> 00:23:22,280 then maybe somewhat behind the scenes is 527 00:23:27,580 --> 00:23:24,770 on I get involved with NASA headquarters 528 00:23:31,090 --> 00:23:27,590 and evaluating proposals that coordinate 529 00:23:34,450 --> 00:23:31,100 us p is with the European counterparts 530 00:23:36,430 --> 00:23:34,460 so we get to see what they're doing and 531 00:23:38,170 --> 00:23:36,440 and evaluate what they're doing and put 532 00:23:40,360 --> 00:23:38,180 the right teams together so we can get 533 00:23:42,390 --> 00:23:40,370 the best science out of these on this 534 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:42,400 material science research rack and 535 00:23:47,950 --> 00:23:44,930 little gradient furnace or the SQL 536 00:23:49,990 --> 00:23:47,960 furnaces so it's it's really been nice 537 00:23:52,180 --> 00:23:50,000 for me too because it keeps me abreast 538 00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:52,190 of what's going on in in the latest in 539 00:23:55,360 --> 00:23:54,050 the science and interact with some of 540 00:23:59,020 --> 00:23:55,370 the best people in the world in this 541 00:24:01,180 --> 00:23:59,030 field so that's a good boy and one other 542 00:24:02,770 --> 00:24:01,190 thing but what do you guys think is one 543 00:24:06,340 --> 00:24:02,780 of your biggest challenges over the past 544 00:24:08,350 --> 00:24:06,350 decade working on the station or what's 545 00:24:12,340 --> 00:24:08,360 something that you you'd like to share 546 00:24:15,630 --> 00:24:12,350 talk about or reflect on that I'll take 547 00:24:20,410 --> 00:24:15,640 a stab it was not get it started I think 548 00:24:24,220 --> 00:24:20,420 just last year in fact we moved from a 549 00:24:28,060 --> 00:24:24,230 three-person crew onboard station to a 550 00:24:31,840 --> 00:24:28,070 six-person crew aboard station and up 551 00:24:35,230 --> 00:24:31,850 until that time frame you know we'd have 552 00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:35,240 three crewmen come up and then and they 553 00:24:39,340 --> 00:24:36,890 would stay for a six-month period of 554 00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:39,350 time and we'd have a flight that we 555 00:24:44,980 --> 00:24:41,210 would change out crewman over that time 556 00:24:47,050 --> 00:24:44,990 and now with six people there what we 557 00:24:49,570 --> 00:24:47,060 are experiencing now that we have the 558 00:24:51,730 --> 00:24:49,580 Columbus lab there and we have the 559 00:24:56,710 --> 00:24:51,740 Japanese experiment module there as well 560 00:25:00,310 --> 00:24:56,720 as a u.s. lab they have unique work 561 00:25:04,290 --> 00:25:00,320 environments that all six crewmen can 562 00:25:08,830 --> 00:25:04,300 also work in now so it has increased 563 00:25:11,470 --> 00:25:08,840 threefold if you will the number of 564 00:25:14,680 --> 00:25:11,480 hours that are available now for us to 565 00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:14,690 be able to perform science operations up 566 00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:19,250 until that time and as we culminate the 567 00:25:24,910 --> 00:25:21,410 actual architecture of International 568 00:25:27,100 --> 00:25:24,920 Space Station we we have the prime 569 00:25:28,990 --> 00:25:27,110 things to be done of course is to get 570 00:25:30,790 --> 00:25:29,000 the structure developed and built and 571 00:25:33,640 --> 00:25:30,800 make sure that I you know all the 572 00:25:36,940 --> 00:25:33,650 systems check out and can support and we 573 00:25:41,170 --> 00:25:36,950 are on the cusp now with six crewmen 574 00:25:44,380 --> 00:25:41,180 there of seeing so much science being 575 00:25:46,570 --> 00:25:44,390 realized and so I think the fact that we 576 00:25:48,400 --> 00:25:46,580 went from the three-person crew to the 577 00:25:51,640 --> 00:25:48,410 six-person crew was a huge 578 00:25:56,020 --> 00:25:51,650 huge step for what the ultimate goal is 579 00:25:59,530 --> 00:25:56,030 for ISS Bob do you have anything to add 580 00:26:03,580 --> 00:25:59,540 to that well in in my own particular 581 00:26:08,260 --> 00:26:03,590 world in developing these life support 582 00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:08,270 systems the list of challenge is quite 583 00:26:12,460 --> 00:26:10,610 long you get microgravity you have to 584 00:26:15,730 --> 00:26:12,470 deal with where fluids and gases don't 585 00:26:17,350 --> 00:26:15,740 behave the same you're always challenged 586 00:26:19,810 --> 00:26:17,360 with keeping things small and 587 00:26:23,560 --> 00:26:19,820 lightweight and power all that stuff is 588 00:26:26,500 --> 00:26:23,570 it goes without saying kind of but it 589 00:26:29,470 --> 00:26:26,510 also it's I think it's a new experience 590 00:26:30,940 --> 00:26:29,480 for us especially now is again in my 591 00:26:34,150 --> 00:26:30,950 world we've kind of transitioned out a 592 00:26:36,520 --> 00:26:34,160 development and now in the operation 593 00:26:39,790 --> 00:26:36,530 phase learning what it takes to actually 594 00:26:43,470 --> 00:26:39,800 keep systems keep complicated systems 595 00:26:46,390 --> 00:26:43,480 operating in a challenging environment 596 00:26:48,850 --> 00:26:46,400 hundreds of miles away from us where 597 00:26:52,600 --> 00:26:48,860 were the people that are that they have 598 00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:52,610 the the the the intellectual capital if 599 00:26:56,620 --> 00:26:54,050 you will and understanding how the 600 00:26:59,200 --> 00:26:56,630 systems are designed and stuff can't go 601 00:27:01,270 --> 00:26:59,210 and put their hands on the hardware you 602 00:27:04,570 --> 00:27:01,280 know it can't touch it they can't you 603 00:27:07,090 --> 00:27:04,580 listen to it and so you get calls down 604 00:27:09,370 --> 00:27:07,100 that or you get data coming down that 605 00:27:14,290 --> 00:27:09,380 something doesn't seem right and you 606 00:27:16,870 --> 00:27:14,300 really have to stretch yourself as an 607 00:27:20,470 --> 00:27:16,880 engineer and and work closely with 608 00:27:22,270 --> 00:27:20,480 operators and and the crew to really 609 00:27:24,790 --> 00:27:22,280 understand what's going on if they come 610 00:27:27,190 --> 00:27:24,800 up with much more innovative solutions 611 00:27:28,660 --> 00:27:27,200 to problems thought you know it it's 612 00:27:30,370 --> 00:27:28,670 unlike a shuttle program where the 613 00:27:32,320 --> 00:27:30,380 shuttle comes down after two weeks and 614 00:27:34,180 --> 00:27:32,330 you can get into the vehicle and fig 615 00:27:36,610 --> 00:27:34,190 look and say AHA that that's what 616 00:27:38,650 --> 00:27:36,620 happened I know what I need to fix for 617 00:27:41,620 --> 00:27:38,660 the next mission we don't have that 618 00:27:45,190 --> 00:27:41,630 luxury now so we're fixing stuff on the 619 00:27:48,760 --> 00:27:45,200 fly we're having to do it remotely we're 620 00:27:51,310 --> 00:27:48,770 having a inner interact with the whole 621 00:27:53,470 --> 00:27:51,320 operation side and again with the people 622 00:27:55,300 --> 00:27:53,480 that are operating the systems they're 623 00:27:56,860 --> 00:27:55,310 up they're supposed to be doing science 624 00:28:00,430 --> 00:27:56,870 as well so we can't be taken a lot of 625 00:28:02,109 --> 00:28:00,440 their time to keep the lights on sort of 626 00:28:04,689 --> 00:28:02,119 speak so it's 627 00:28:07,329 --> 00:28:04,699 it's a new environment that we're having 628 00:28:08,949 --> 00:28:07,339 to operate in to keep the systems up and 629 00:28:11,799 --> 00:28:08,959 running it's a great learning experience 630 00:28:13,839 --> 00:28:11,809 that's a good point station is 220 miles 631 00:28:15,729 --> 00:28:13,849 above us right now so does that that 632 00:28:17,409 --> 00:28:15,739 pose a lot of problems for for you all 633 00:28:20,289 --> 00:28:17,419 when you you know starting to work a 634 00:28:22,119 --> 00:28:20,299 problem you've got to think about you 635 00:28:23,769 --> 00:28:22,129 know this station is not coming down and 636 00:28:26,349 --> 00:28:23,779 and I've got to work this problem on the 637 00:28:30,459 --> 00:28:26,359 ground is that kind of post problems for 638 00:28:33,099 --> 00:28:30,469 you guys so a different kind of 639 00:28:35,199 --> 00:28:33,109 challenge I'm I'm used to doing 640 00:28:37,329 --> 00:28:35,209 experiment going you know across the 641 00:28:41,409 --> 00:28:37,339 hall into the lab and doing it and 642 00:28:43,949 --> 00:28:41,419 evaluating it and and now i'm doing my 643 00:28:46,389 --> 00:28:43,959 experiment 200 miles away and and i'm 644 00:28:48,279 --> 00:28:46,399 not even doing i'm kind of telling 645 00:28:52,239 --> 00:28:48,289 someone what to do when it goes through 646 00:28:53,919 --> 00:28:52,249 this amazing team of technical people 647 00:28:57,699 --> 00:28:53,929 and logistic people and this tell a 648 00:29:00,189 --> 00:28:57,709 science effort and when you can see what 649 00:29:03,399 --> 00:29:00,199 happens it's it's really pretty amazing 650 00:29:07,269 --> 00:29:03,409 and in principle all this all works very 651 00:29:09,309 --> 00:29:07,279 amazingly smooth and for the most part 652 00:29:11,289 --> 00:29:09,319 things work the way they're supposed to 653 00:29:15,089 --> 00:29:11,299 work but we're up there so we always see 654 00:29:18,759 --> 00:29:15,099 some surprises for instance uh we get 655 00:29:20,619 --> 00:29:18,769 the occasional a single event upset 656 00:29:22,779 --> 00:29:20,629 where some atomic particle comes through 657 00:29:24,279 --> 00:29:22,789 and knocks out a solid-state component 658 00:29:25,509 --> 00:29:24,289 and you got to stop your experiment and 659 00:29:27,909 --> 00:29:25,519 reboot it and we're not used to doing 660 00:29:30,189 --> 00:29:27,919 that down here and these are things that 661 00:29:32,589 --> 00:29:30,199 you're not aware of it and and you learn 662 00:29:36,059 --> 00:29:32,599 these on the fly and and you deal with 663 00:29:38,199 --> 00:29:36,069 them in and the astronauts up there are 664 00:29:41,229 --> 00:29:38,209 very helpful and they want to make sure 665 00:29:44,859 --> 00:29:41,239 that they do all they can to get what we 666 00:29:48,249 --> 00:29:44,869 need to get done it's really interesting 667 00:29:53,319 --> 00:29:48,259 it's pretty good for him anything from a 668 00:29:55,599 --> 00:29:53,329 net no nothin um I I think like Bob and 669 00:29:59,319 --> 00:29:55,609 Richard have I've said and I'm just just 670 00:30:02,109 --> 00:29:59,329 working issues that may occur and I know 671 00:30:04,359 --> 00:30:02,119 we've tried to to make improvements to 672 00:30:06,939 --> 00:30:04,369 our hardware and software on our racks 673 00:30:09,549 --> 00:30:06,949 to get more insight to provide more 674 00:30:11,630 --> 00:30:09,559 flexibility and operating from the 675 00:30:15,500 --> 00:30:11,640 ground so that we can but 676 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:15,510 be be more flexible and more supportive 677 00:30:23,630 --> 00:30:19,250 of the science of various situations 678 00:30:25,040 --> 00:30:23,640 well thank you guys now now we're going 679 00:30:27,320 --> 00:30:25,050 to move into questions from the audience 680 00:30:29,810 --> 00:30:27,330 so I'm going to ask our local visiting 681 00:30:31,790 --> 00:30:29,820 media to please state your name and 682 00:30:34,610 --> 00:30:31,800 media affiliation and please wait for 683 00:30:37,460 --> 00:30:34,620 the mic to come to you and we'll start 684 00:30:39,050 --> 00:30:37,470 out right here with hi I'm Lee Roop with 685 00:30:41,060 --> 00:30:39,060 the Huntsville Times thanks very much 686 00:30:43,270 --> 00:30:41,070 for coming and giving us a chance to 687 00:30:45,560 --> 00:30:43,280 talk to you about this is fascinating 688 00:30:50,420 --> 00:30:45,570 we've decided as a nation we're going to 689 00:30:53,480 --> 00:30:50,430 extend the space station now into 2020 690 00:30:57,590 --> 00:30:53,490 and I think what challenges and what 691 00:31:00,620 --> 00:30:57,600 opportunities does that present to you 692 00:31:02,840 --> 00:31:00,630 as oh my gosh it's got a its gotta last 693 00:31:05,990 --> 00:31:02,850 five went oh boy gets to last by more 694 00:31:07,730 --> 00:31:06,000 years anyone like to take that I'll 695 00:31:09,140 --> 00:31:07,740 start with that one that was one of the 696 00:31:10,670 --> 00:31:09,150 things that we had to consider when we 697 00:31:13,010 --> 00:31:10,680 started doing the modifications for the 698 00:31:15,170 --> 00:31:13,020 for the leaving the multi-purpose 699 00:31:16,850 --> 00:31:15,180 Logistics Module up there permanently in 700 00:31:20,900 --> 00:31:16,860 fact we've changed the name of it to 701 00:31:22,100 --> 00:31:20,910 permanent multi-purpose module now as I 702 00:31:24,230 --> 00:31:22,110 mentioned earlier you know that the 703 00:31:26,120 --> 00:31:24,240 first module was delivered in 1998 so 704 00:31:28,700 --> 00:31:26,130 that modulus you know 12 plus years old 705 00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:28,710 now and that happens to be the module be 706 00:31:31,400 --> 00:31:30,090 modified to to leave on orbit 707 00:31:33,530 --> 00:31:31,410 permanently so we had to start looking 708 00:31:35,810 --> 00:31:33,540 at the various components of it the the 709 00:31:37,700 --> 00:31:35,820 seals the o-ring seals to keep the 710 00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:37,710 pressurized atmosphere in place to make 711 00:31:41,480 --> 00:31:39,090 sure that they would last the entire 712 00:31:43,460 --> 00:31:41,490 time it's we're at a little bit of a 713 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:43,470 unique advantage in that we could go 714 00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:45,090 replace those seals here on the ground 715 00:31:50,000 --> 00:31:47,730 before we launch this time to make that 716 00:31:51,230 --> 00:31:50,010 twenty twenty date the the items that 717 00:31:52,850 --> 00:31:51,240 are on orbit right now obviously you 718 00:31:54,890 --> 00:31:52,860 have to look at and say hey can we can 719 00:31:56,780 --> 00:31:54,900 we stretch this out to me meet that 2020 720 00:31:58,610 --> 00:31:56,790 will it last that long or do we need to 721 00:32:00,290 --> 00:31:58,620 have spares in place do we need to take 722 00:32:02,090 --> 00:32:00,300 some spares up on these these last 723 00:32:04,160 --> 00:32:02,100 couple of shuttle flights in the in 724 00:32:05,960 --> 00:32:04,170 Logistics Module so we have those spares 725 00:32:08,299 --> 00:32:05,970 in place so that we can make that twenty 726 00:32:12,330 --> 00:32:08,309 twenty date 727 00:32:15,600 --> 00:32:12,340 ok and I'll everyone think one thing too 728 00:32:18,440 --> 00:32:15,610 that from a standpoint of the operations 729 00:32:23,540 --> 00:32:18,450 team I think it's only going to get 730 00:32:27,120 --> 00:32:23,550 simpler for us we we hope we think as 731 00:32:30,390 --> 00:32:27,130 everyday that we communicate with our 732 00:32:33,210 --> 00:32:30,400 partners the flight control teams across 733 00:32:35,370 --> 00:32:33,220 this world and the remote sites 734 00:32:38,090 --> 00:32:35,380 associated with them we get a little bit 735 00:32:41,400 --> 00:32:38,100 sharper with how we conduct our business 736 00:32:43,410 --> 00:32:41,410 so the fact that we know there's a 737 00:32:45,210 --> 00:32:43,420 tremendous amount of science that is out 738 00:32:48,540 --> 00:32:45,220 there and chomping at the bit to be able 739 00:32:51,390 --> 00:32:48,550 to get executed and in and getting to 740 00:32:55,410 --> 00:32:51,400 2020 enables so much more science to get 741 00:32:57,780 --> 00:32:55,420 accomplished I think our relationships 742 00:33:02,010 --> 00:32:57,790 with our partners and how we do business 743 00:33:04,740 --> 00:33:02,020 is going to get that much slicker so we 744 00:33:08,520 --> 00:33:04,750 you know our thought process I believe 745 00:33:11,340 --> 00:33:08,530 is that we will get so much sharper at 746 00:33:14,100 --> 00:33:11,350 how we coordinate how we communicate it 747 00:33:15,960 --> 00:33:14,110 will become even more second nature with 748 00:33:18,810 --> 00:33:15,970 every day that we get in every passing 749 00:33:23,940 --> 00:33:18,820 year it so it will it will just continue 750 00:33:28,500 --> 00:33:23,950 to be a a marvel in a working as a the 751 00:33:32,100 --> 00:33:28,510 work is in progress I'm happy to see 752 00:33:36,090 --> 00:33:32,110 continued on also material science 753 00:33:38,100 --> 00:33:36,100 experiments that we do are important and 754 00:33:42,330 --> 00:33:38,110 we learn something from every one every 755 00:33:45,780 --> 00:33:42,340 one of them but we need to learn more 756 00:33:48,570 --> 00:33:45,790 and to do that we need to you know very 757 00:33:50,520 --> 00:33:48,580 the processing parameters and every 758 00:33:52,530 --> 00:33:50,530 processing parameters a new experiment 759 00:33:54,090 --> 00:33:52,540 and if we really want to understand 760 00:33:55,590 --> 00:33:54,100 what's going on we need to do that we 761 00:33:58,580 --> 00:33:55,600 need to do more experiments and this 762 00:34:04,330 --> 00:33:58,590 will give us the opportunity to do that 763 00:34:10,399 --> 00:34:08,000 is with the decatur daily I guess I'm 764 00:34:13,520 --> 00:34:10,409 kind of interested in 10 years ago we 765 00:34:16,369 --> 00:34:13,530 were on the just getting into this has 766 00:34:17,720 --> 00:34:16,379 it surpassed has it met you know your 767 00:34:18,680 --> 00:34:17,730 expectations at that time tell me a 768 00:34:20,419 --> 00:34:18,690 little bit about what you were expecting 769 00:34:22,250 --> 00:34:20,429 then and then what you're seeing today 770 00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:22,260 and what your expectations are for the 771 00:34:29,060 --> 00:34:26,210 next 10 years but from my perspective 772 00:34:30,590 --> 00:34:29,070 it's and I kind of have to force myself 773 00:34:31,909 --> 00:34:30,600 to do this every once in a while but 774 00:34:33,530 --> 00:34:31,919 when you're in the middle of a project 775 00:34:35,960 --> 00:34:33,540 your heads down you were in about 776 00:34:37,520 --> 00:34:35,970 today's problem and tomorrow's problem 777 00:34:40,790 --> 00:34:37,530 and trying to wrap up yesterday's 778 00:34:42,550 --> 00:34:40,800 problem and and I really have to admit 779 00:34:45,350 --> 00:34:42,560 that I think it was relatively 780 00:34:48,710 --> 00:34:45,360 infrequent during the time that was work 781 00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:48,720 on my prop my own project that I stood 782 00:34:58,040 --> 00:34:51,570 back and tried to take in the whole 783 00:35:03,820 --> 00:34:58,050 picture but when I do that it it is you 784 00:35:07,430 --> 00:35:03,830 know quite remarkable and and to to just 785 00:35:10,790 --> 00:35:07,440 think about how you know my project to 786 00:35:12,230 --> 00:35:10,800 me seems so complicated and complex and 787 00:35:14,390 --> 00:35:12,240 so many problems and then to look back 788 00:35:17,120 --> 00:35:14,400 and to realize that that is going on on 789 00:35:20,510 --> 00:35:17,130 such a bigger scale just beyond the 790 00:35:23,900 --> 00:35:20,520 sphere of my team and to see that it's 791 00:35:25,100 --> 00:35:23,910 it's working it's flying it's they're 792 00:35:27,680 --> 00:35:25,110 getting through day in and day out 793 00:35:29,060 --> 00:35:27,690 keeping that vehicle operating and 794 00:35:32,330 --> 00:35:29,070 getting some great results from it I 795 00:35:34,550 --> 00:35:32,340 think is actually quite remarkable and I 796 00:35:37,850 --> 00:35:34,560 would agree with that because you you 797 00:35:41,060 --> 00:35:37,860 know 10 plus years ago you had all of 798 00:35:44,290 --> 00:35:41,070 this hardware being defined in parallel 799 00:35:46,940 --> 00:35:44,300 from the big modules to the simple small 800 00:35:48,800 --> 00:35:46,950 experiments and you know they all had to 801 00:35:50,810 --> 00:35:48,810 interface and work together but yet they 802 00:35:53,240 --> 00:35:50,820 were being built basically all over the 803 00:35:56,930 --> 00:35:53,250 world and i think it's it's been an 804 00:36:02,460 --> 00:35:56,940 amazing engineering feat to be built and 805 00:36:10,870 --> 00:36:07,620 any other questions from the media okay 806 00:36:13,720 --> 00:36:10,880 sleep with the times again I like to 807 00:36:15,370 --> 00:36:13,730 think about it as and if I'm wrong 808 00:36:16,930 --> 00:36:15,380 correct me but you've got all the 809 00:36:18,819 --> 00:36:16,940 experiments going on that you're doing 810 00:36:19,930 --> 00:36:18,829 in all of the racks and then you've got 811 00:36:22,839 --> 00:36:19,940 all of the things that we're learning 812 00:36:26,440 --> 00:36:22,849 about what it's like to live and 813 00:36:29,140 --> 00:36:26,450 function in space we've done both now 814 00:36:31,960 --> 00:36:29,150 for two years which one has which side 815 00:36:33,730 --> 00:36:31,970 of that has been the most I mean if we 816 00:36:35,589 --> 00:36:33,740 learned the most about about living and 817 00:36:40,240 --> 00:36:35,599 working in space or has the silence and 818 00:36:42,520 --> 00:36:40,250 actually the experiments well I material 819 00:36:46,420 --> 00:36:42,530 scientists what I think living in space 820 00:36:49,630 --> 00:36:46,430 has probably trumped what we've learned 821 00:36:51,130 --> 00:36:49,640 in terms of experiments and it's not 822 00:36:54,700 --> 00:36:51,140 that our experiments aren't good it's 823 00:36:56,799 --> 00:36:54,710 they take a long time to do and we would 824 00:36:58,329 --> 00:36:56,809 like to do more of them and if we could 825 00:36:59,890 --> 00:36:58,339 get more of them done which hopefully 826 00:37:02,170 --> 00:36:59,900 will be able to do now that we have a 827 00:37:04,859 --> 00:37:02,180 larger crew and more time then we're 828 00:37:07,990 --> 00:37:04,869 going to catch up to living in space I 829 00:37:11,799 --> 00:37:08,000 think once we got got past assembly 830 00:37:13,329 --> 00:37:11,809 complete you know the and not to say 831 00:37:15,280 --> 00:37:13,339 that we're still not learning about 832 00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:15,290 living and working in space but I 833 00:37:21,730 --> 00:37:18,410 definitely fully expect the the pendulum 834 00:37:24,370 --> 00:37:21,740 to swing now more towards you know the 835 00:37:25,569 --> 00:37:24,380 science beating the living and working 836 00:37:34,370 --> 00:37:25,579 in space but I think they'll always be 837 00:37:39,180 --> 00:37:36,300 Paul Huggins again with the decatur 838 00:37:41,550 --> 00:37:39,190 daily you might have heard about the 839 00:37:44,160 --> 00:37:41,560 Bigelow ideas for commercial 840 00:37:46,109 --> 00:37:44,170 applications for the space stations how 841 00:37:49,800 --> 00:37:46,119 do y'all see that is that is that like a 842 00:37:51,900 --> 00:37:49,810 competition or y'all see that the ISS is 843 00:37:53,760 --> 00:37:51,910 just you really open the door for a lot 844 00:37:55,859 --> 00:37:53,770 more opportunities and we're going to 845 00:37:57,930 --> 00:37:55,869 see you know far more space stations and 846 00:38:03,060 --> 00:37:57,940 in just three maybe 10 or 15 years from 847 00:38:06,620 --> 00:38:03,070 now I yeah I wouldn't see the the 848 00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:06,630 Bigelow example or any other of the 849 00:38:11,070 --> 00:38:08,890 commercial concepts out there is a 850 00:38:14,340 --> 00:38:11,080 competitor by any stretch of the 851 00:38:18,750 --> 00:38:14,350 imagination i think what space station 852 00:38:22,349 --> 00:38:18,760 is it's it's a you know the fantastic 853 00:38:24,859 --> 00:38:22,359 research complex that only could be done 854 00:38:27,840 --> 00:38:24,869 in terms of international governmental 855 00:38:29,880 --> 00:38:27,850 cooperation given that though I think 856 00:38:33,480 --> 00:38:29,890 there is there can be and should be a 857 00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:33,490 place to for commercial entities whoever 858 00:38:40,380 --> 00:38:37,090 they they might be to begin finding ways 859 00:38:44,820 --> 00:38:40,390 to serve other purposes in space whether 860 00:38:47,070 --> 00:38:44,830 it's its tourism or commerc some type of 861 00:38:49,680 --> 00:38:47,080 type of other commercial market I think 862 00:38:51,359 --> 00:38:49,690 that that's inevitable in it and I look 863 00:38:55,650 --> 00:38:51,369 forward to seeing what they're able to 864 00:38:59,460 --> 00:38:55,660 do I agree with that I think that up to 865 00:39:02,580 --> 00:38:59,470 this point space station has been you 866 00:39:07,050 --> 00:39:02,590 know a wonderful a marvelous example of 867 00:39:08,420 --> 00:39:07,060 teamwork and as we move even further and 868 00:39:12,359 --> 00:39:08,430 there's the opportunity for 869 00:39:14,070 --> 00:39:12,369 commercialization for for other entities 870 00:39:17,310 --> 00:39:14,080 to come and be a part of that 871 00:39:19,410 --> 00:39:17,320 partnership that's you know that's what 872 00:39:22,740 --> 00:39:19,420 we're going to have we're just going to 873 00:39:26,099 --> 00:39:22,750 open the doors for partnership and the 874 00:39:30,240 --> 00:39:26,109 more the more diverse the opportunity is 875 00:39:32,940 --> 00:39:30,250 the the greater I think the things are 876 00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:32,950 that we're going to learn there are some 877 00:39:39,060 --> 00:39:34,930 awesome ideas out there that we don't 878 00:39:41,730 --> 00:39:39,070 even have in our imagination and to open 879 00:39:43,380 --> 00:39:41,740 the doors for those things to come in 880 00:39:45,299 --> 00:39:43,390 you know is only I think 881 00:39:48,809 --> 00:39:45,309 going to enhance our life here on earth 882 00:39:51,630 --> 00:39:48,819 and and help us to understand where we 883 00:39:54,450 --> 00:39:51,640 are and how we can continue to live on 884 00:39:57,450 --> 00:39:54,460 earth successfully and explore other 885 00:40:01,170 --> 00:39:57,460 territory so I think the more partners 886 00:40:05,089 --> 00:40:01,180 there are the greater the experience is 887 00:40:07,170 --> 00:40:05,099 going to be Lee do you have a fun okay 888 00:40:08,789 --> 00:40:07,180 with that this concludes our 889 00:40:11,039 --> 00:40:08,799 International Space Station 10th 890 00:40:13,019 --> 00:40:11,049 anniversary roundtable discussion I'd 891 00:40:14,370 --> 00:40:13,029 like to thank you all for joining us I'd 892 00:40:17,279 --> 00:40:14,380 like to thank our panelists for their 893 00:40:19,680 --> 00:40:17,289 interesting insight and history spanning 894 00:40:21,359 --> 00:40:19,690 the past decade if you would please stay 895 00:40:22,920 --> 00:40:21,369 tuned for a video that we're going to 896 00:40:24,599 --> 00:40:22,930 air that will show Marshalls 897 00:42:59,079 --> 00:40:24,609 contribution to the International Space 898 00:43:08,190 --> 00:43:01,029 and the big day were nothing but the 899 00:43:08,200 --> 00:44:09,309 that leads to the shuttle discovery